Joe,

Brian's suggestions are right on:  (showing you how to boot other [installation] media [CD/DVD or pendrive] and then chroot  [change root] into your current system.

Now the assumption that if you can boot into LiveCD/DVD, (installlation media) this is not a hardware error, is incorrect.   
You are running on the CD/DVD media - not your hard drive(s). 

I can't read your photos from your phone?  Anyone else ab

  
Determine your network status:

/etc/init.d/network status

ifconfig -a

ifup eth0 (if you are using eth0)  

Easiest is to use 

/etc/init.d/network restart

follow with 
# dmesg

You will see a message indicating status of your network start.

# tail /var/log/messages 

To see additional information in the logs.

If you google the exact error message(s) (from your phone photos) [send these errors to us also - I am sure other's can read them either, or they would have responded with a good course of action or suggestions].

Once you get your documents resurrected, you can just upgrade it or rebuild?

Also, Joe, refer to the Linux Mint forums?  

You might also be able to use a USB drive to get your data/files?  

Joe, packaging the problem via email (like we are doing here) is especially good to organize your thinking, and most easily determine the clear plan of action.    It also provides a historic reference for other Nix-ians with similar issues.  The listserver support model is by far and away the most effective trainer for development of analytical thought used in Linux use/administration,  

You can also call me (phone numbers below) and discuss, although I am sure if you follow Brian Cluff's suggestions, he will have you up and running ASAP!







On Tue, Jan 14, 2014 at 4:30 PM, <joe@actionline.com> wrote:
Brian Cluff last wrote (in part):
> If boot disks or other hard drives are working, you could try booting
> into one of those and then mounting your root file system ...

Each time I have tried starting the system, it would get as far as the
Mint GUI login screen, but then when I logged in, it all crashed.

So, this last time, instead of logging in, I did CTL+ALT+F2 to switch to
a non-GUI screen and from there I am able to get to the command line; and
as far as I can tell all of my home directories and files are still
intact.  So, I tried to rsync those files to my two laptops, but it seems
I do not have an Internet connection from this computer. This at risk
computer is ethernet-wire connected to my router.

How can I establish an Internet connection from the command line?

If I could do that, then I could rsync/copy my most recent work onto my
two laptops and avoid losing any data.




------------------
> ... chrooting to
> the mount and then reloading everything that is complaining on boot.
> I usually find I have to do the following mounts to get packages to
> install correctly in a chroot environment.
>
> mount /dev/sda1 /mnt
> mount --bind /proc /mnt/proc
> mount --bind /dev /mnt/dev
> mount --bind /sys /mnt/sys
>
> cd /mnt
> chroot .
>
> Of course you will need to mount any extra partitions you might have
> your drive sliced into. The above assumes everything is on one big
> partition.
>
> If your hard drive is dying, this won't do you any good, or at best,
> will just buy you a little time before a catastrophic failure takes
> everything with it.



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