just starting with this so please, bear with me.... Anyways I am looking at this beginner's script: #! /bin/bash myvar=0 while [ $myvar -ne 20 ] do echo $myvar myvar=$(( $myvar + 1 )) done Now my mind can wrap itself around everything in this script except for tis line: myvar=$(( $myvar + 1 )) Where my difficulty arises is why the '$' before the '(('? (it was geast fun running that script with a minus sign instead!) :-)~MIKE~(-: