I ran lshw>hardware and it says that I have unclaimed RAM. How do I recover it? Someone covered this before, remember? If you are running Windows with a 32bit OS, then you can only access about 3.5 GB of RAM. Otherwise, I wouldn't worry too much. If you have a lot of RAM or much more than you are using, then you will have unused RAM of course. c521 description: Desktop Computer product: Dimension C521 () vendor: Dell Inc serial: CZNZ7C1 width: 64 bits capabilities: smbios-2.4 dmi-2.4 vsyscall32 configuration: boot=normal chassis=desktop uuid=44454C4C-5A00-104E-805A-C3C04F374331 *-core description: Motherboard product: 0HY175 vendor: Dell Inc physical id: 0 version: A02 serial: ..CN708216AHF1VA. *-firmware description: BIOS vendor: Dell Inc physical id: 1 version: 1.1.2 date: 11/08/2006 size: 128KiB capacity: 448KiB capabilities: isa pci pnp apm upgrade shadowing cdboot bootselect socketedrom edd int13floppy360 int13floppy1200 int13floppy720 int13floppy2880 int5printscreen int9keyboard int14serial int17printer int10video acpi usb *-cpu description: CPU product: AMD Athlon(tm) 64 Processor 3200+ vendor: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] physical id: 8 bus info: cpu@0 version: AMD Athlon(tm) 64 Processor 3200+ slot: Socket M2 size: 1GHz capacity: 3GHz width: 64 bits clock: 1GHz capabilities: fpu fpu_exception wp vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt rdtscp x86-64 3dnowext 3dnow rep_good nopl extd_apicid pni cx16 lahf_lm svm extapic cr8_legacy cpufreq *-cache:0 description: L1 cache physical id: e slot: Internal Cache size: 128KiB capacity: 128KiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-back *-cache:1 description: L2 cache physical id: f slot: Internal Cache size: 512KiB capacity: 512KiB capabilities: synchronous internal write-back unified *-memory:0 description: System Memory physical id: 2c slot: System board or motherboard size: 4GiB *-bank:0 description: DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 800 MHz (1.2 ns) product: CM2X1024-6400 vendor: 7F7F9E0000000000 physical id: 0 serial: 00000000 slot: DIMM_4 size: 1GiB width: 64 bits clock: 800MHz (1.2ns) *-bank:1 description: DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 800 MHz (1.2 ns) product: CM2X1024-6400 vendor: 7F7F9E0000000000 physical id: 1 serial: 00000000 slot: DIMM_3 size: 1GiB width: 64 bits clock: 800MHz (1.2ns) *-bank:2 description: DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 800 MHz (1.2 ns) product: KTC1G-UDIMM vendor: Kingston physical id: 2 serial: A13C2794 slot: DIMM_2 size: 1GiB width: 64 bits clock: 800MHz (1.2ns) *-bank:3 description: DIMM DDR2 Synchronous 800 MHz (1.2 ns) product: KTC1G-UDIMM vendor: Kingston physical id: 3 serial: A23C8794 slot: DIMM_1 size: 1GiB width: 64 bits clock: 800MHz (1.2ns) *-memory:1 UNCLAIMED description: RAM memory product: C51 Host Bridge vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.0 version: a2 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz (15.2ns) capabilities: ht bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 *-memory:2 UNCLAIMED description: RAM memory product: C51 Memory Controller 0 vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 0.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.1 version: a2 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz (15.2ns) configuration: latency=0 *-memory:3 UNCLAIMED description: RAM memory product: C51 Memory Controller 1 vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 0.2 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.2 version: a2 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz (15.2ns) configuration: latency=0 *-memory:4 UNCLAIMED description: RAM memory product: C51 Memory Controller 5 vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 0.3 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.3 version: a2 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz (15.2ns) configuration: latency=0 *-memory:5 UNCLAIMED description: RAM memory product: C51 Memory Controller 4 vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 0.4 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.4 version: a2 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz (15.2ns) capabilities: bus_master configuration: latency=0 *-memory:6 UNCLAIMED description: RAM memory product: C51 Host Bridge vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 0.5 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.5 version: a2 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz (15.2ns) capabilities: bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 *-memory:7 UNCLAIMED description: RAM memory product: C51 Memory Controller 3 vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 0.6 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.6 version: a2 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz (15.2ns) configuration: latency=0 *-memory:8 UNCLAIMED description: RAM memory product: C51 Memory Controller 2 vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 0.7 bus info: pci@0000:00:00.7 version: a2 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz (15.2ns) configuration: latency=0 *-pci:0 description: PCI bridge product: C51 PCI Express Bridge vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 100 bus info: pci@0000:00:02.0 version: a1 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pm msi ht pciexpress normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:40 ioport:a000(size=4096) memory:fd800000-fd8fffff ioport:fd700000(size=1048576) *-pci:1 description: PCI bridge product: C51 PCI Express Bridge vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 3 bus info: pci@0000:00:03.0 version: a1 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pm msi ht pciexpress normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:41 ioport:8000(size=4096) memory:fde00000-fdefffff ioport:fdd00000(size=1048576) *-pci:2 description: PCI bridge product: C51 PCI Express Bridge vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 4 bus info: pci@0000:00:04.0 version: a1 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pci pm msi ht pciexpress normal_decode bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=pcieport resources: irq:42 ioport:b000(size=4096) memory:fdc00000-fdcfffff ioport:fd900000(size=1048576) *-display description: VGA compatible controller product: C51 [GeForce 6150 LE] vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 5 bus info: pci@0000:00:05.0 version: a2 width: 64 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: pm msi vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=nouveau latency=0 resources: irq:43 memory:fc000000-fcffffff memory:e0000000-efffffff memory:fb000000-fbffffff memory:f4000000-f401ffff *-memory:9 UNCLAIMED description: RAM memory product: MCP51 Host Bridge vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 9 bus info: pci@0000:00:09.0 version: a2 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz (15.2ns) capabilities: ht bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 *-isa description: ISA bridge product: MCP51 LPC Bridge vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: a bus info: pci@0000:00:0a.0 version: a3 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: isa bus_master configuration: latency=0 *-serial description: SMBus product: MCP51 SMBus vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: a.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:0a.1 version: a3 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: pm cap_list configuration: driver=nForce2_smbus latency=0 resources: irq:10 ioport:1c00(size=64) ioport:1c40(size=64) *-memory:10 UNCLAIMED description: RAM memory product: MCP51 Memory Controller 0 vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: a.2 bus info: pci@0000:00:0a.2 version: a3 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz (15.2ns) configuration: latency=0 *-usb:0 description: USB controller product: MCP51 USB Controller vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: b bus info: pci@0000:00:0b.0 version: a3 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: pm ohci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ohci-pci latency=0 maxlatency=1 mingnt=3 resources: irq:23 memory:fe02f000-fe02ffff *-usb:1 description: USB controller product: MCP51 USB Controller vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: b.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:0b.1 version: a3 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: debug pm ehci bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=ehci-pci latency=0 maxlatency=1 mingnt=3 resources: irq:22 memory:fe02e000-fe02e0ff *-ide:0 description: IDE interface product: MCP51 Serial ATA Controller vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: e bus info: pci@0000:00:0e.0 version: a1 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: ide pm msi ht bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=sata_nv latency=0 maxlatency=1 mingnt=3 resources: irq:21 ioport:9f0(size=8) ioport:bf0(size=4) ioport:970(size=8) ioport:b70(size=4) ioport:e000(size=16) memory:fe02d000-fe02dfff *-ide:1 description: IDE interface product: MCP51 Serial ATA Controller vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: f bus info: pci@0000:00:0f.0 version: a1 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: ide pm msi ht bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=sata_nv latency=0 maxlatency=1 mingnt=3 resources: irq:20 ioport:9e0(size=8) ioport:be0(size=4) ioport:960(size=8) ioport:b60(size=4) ioport:cc00(size=16) memory:fe02c000-fe02cfff *-pci:3 description: PCI bridge product: MCP51 PCI Bridge vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 10 bus info: pci@0000:00:10.0 version: a2 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: pci ht subtractive_decode bus_master cap_list resources: ioport:9000(size=4096) memory:fdb00000-fdbfffff memory:fda00000-fdafffff *-network description: Ethernet interface product: BCM4401-B0 100Base-TX vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 7 bus info: pci@0000:04:07.0 logical name: eth0 version: 02 serial: 00:18:8b:73:ab:fd size: 100Mbit/s capacity: 100Mbit/s width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list ethernet physical mii 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=b44 driverversion=2.0 duplex=full ip=192.168.0.14 latency=64 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=100Mbit/s resources: irq:19 memory:fdbfe000-fdbfffff *-communication UNCLAIMED description: Communication controller product: HSF 56k Data/Fax Modem vendor: Conexant Systems, Inc. physical id: 9 bus info: pci@0000:04:09.0 version: 00 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm bus_master cap_list configuration: latency=0 resources: memory:fdbe0000-fdbeffff ioport:9c00(size=8) *-multimedia description: Audio device product: MCP51 High Definition Audio vendor: NVIDIA Corporation physical id: 10.1 bus info: pci@0000:00:10.1 version: a2 width: 32 bits clock: 66MHz capabilities: pm msi ht bus_master cap_list configuration: driver=snd_hda_intel latency=0 maxlatency=5 mingnt=2 resources: irq:23 memory:fe024000-fe027fff *-pci:4 description: Host bridge product: K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] HyperTransport Technology Configuration vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] physical id: 101 bus info: pci@0000:00:18.0 version: 00 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz *-pci:5 description: Host bridge product: K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Address Map vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] physical id: 102 bus info: pci@0000:00:18.1 version: 00 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz *-pci:6 description: Host bridge product: K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] DRAM Controller vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] physical id: 103 bus info: pci@0000:00:18.2 version: 00 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz *-pci:7 description: Host bridge product: K8 [Athlon64/Opteron] Miscellaneous Control vendor: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. [AMD] physical id: 104 bus info: pci@0000:00:18.3 version: 00 width: 32 bits clock: 33MHz configuration: driver=k8temp resources: irq:0 *-scsi:0 physical id: 2 logical name: scsi0 capabilities: emulated *-disk description: ATA Disk product: ST3250820AS vendor: Seagate physical id: 0.0.0 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/sda version:3.AD serial: 5QE1XTR3 size: 232GiB (250GB) capabilities: partitioned partitioned:dos configuration: ansiversion=5 sectorsize=512 signature=0007bc26 *-volume:0 description: EXT4 volume vendor: Linux physical id: 1 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,1 logical name: /dev/sda1 logical name: / version: 1.0 serial: ceb4c12d-28a7-4264-bd1d-c763f7d369d8 size: 8583MiB capacity: 8583MiB capabilities: primary bootable journaled extended_attributes large_files huge_files dir_nlink recover extents ext4 ext2 initialized configuration: created=2014-10-02 07:08:10 filesystem=ext4 lastmountpoint=/ modified=2014-10-18 10:24:15 mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime,errors=remount-ro,data=ordered mounted=2014-10-18 10:24:15 state=mounted *-volume:1 description: Extended partition physical id: 2 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,2 logical name: /dev/sda2 size: 5718MiB capacity: 5718MiB capabilities: primary extended partitioned partitioned:extended *-logicalvolume description: Linux swap / Solaris partition physical id: 5 logical name: /dev/sda5 capacity: 5718MiB capabilities: nofs *-volume:2 description: EXT4 volume vendor: Linux physical id: 3 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,3 logical name: /dev/sda3 logical name: /home version: 1.0 serial: 7ca483d5-70b1-4449-a2dd-99d5ce8601f1 size: 108GiB capacity: 108GiB capabilities: primary journaled extended_attributes large_files huge_files dir_nlink recover extents ext4 ext2 initialized configuration: created=2014-10-02 07:08:06 filesystem=ext4 lastmountpoint=/home modified=2014-10-18 10:24:21 mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime,data=ordered mounted=2014-10-18 10:24:21 state=mounted *-volume:3 description: EXT4 volume vendor: Linux physical id: 4 bus info: scsi@0:0.0.0,4 logical name: /dev/sda4 logical name: /testing version: 1.0 serial: 742d0ebb-22dd-4af0-a9f7-8c47e8b6ed9b size: 109GiB capacity: 109GiB capabilities: primary journaled extended_attributes large_files huge_files dir_nlink recover extents ext4 ext2 initialized configuration: created=2014-10-02 07:08:00 filesystem=ext4 modified=2014-10-18 10:24:16 mount.fstype=ext4 mount.options=rw,relatime,data=ordered mounted=2014-10-18 10:24:16 state=mounted *-scsi:1 physical id: 6 logical name: scsi1 capabilities: emulated *-cdrom description: DVD reader product: CDRWDVD TS-H493A vendor: TSSTcorp physical id: 0.0.0 bus info: scsi@1:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/cdrom logical name: /dev/sr0 version: D200 capabilities: removable audio cd-r cd-rw dvd configuration: ansiversion=5 status=nodisc *-scsi:2 physical id: 7 bus info: usb@1:1 logical name: scsi4 capabilities: emulated scsi-host configuration: driver=usb-storage *-disk:0 description: SCSI Disk product: USB HS-CF Card vendor: TEAC physical id: 0.0.0 bus info: scsi@4:0.0.0 logical name: /dev/sdb version: 4.00 capabilities: removable configuration: sectorsize=512 *-medium physical id: 0 logical name: /dev/sdb *-disk:1 description: SCSI Disk product: USB HS-xD/SM vendor: TEAC physical id: 0.0.1 bus info: scsi@4:0.0.1 logical name: /dev/sdc version: 4.00 capabilities: removable configuration: sectorsize=512 *-medium physical id: 0 logical name: /dev/sdc *-disk:2 description: SCSI Disk product: USB HS-MS Card vendor: TEAC physical id: 0.0.2 bus info: scsi@4:0.0.2 logical name: /dev/sdd version: 4.00 serial: 3 capabilities: removable configuration: sectorsize=512 *-medium physical id: 0 logical name: /dev/sdd *-disk:3 description: SCSI Disk product: USB HS-SD Card vendor: TEAC physical id: 0.0.3 bus info: scsi@4:0.0.3 logical name: /dev/sde version: 4.00 capabilities: removable configuration: sectorsize=512 *-medium physical id: 0 logical name: /dev/sde :-)~MIKE~(-: