I am perplexed. I know that Hans was good and discussed this at a newbies meeting but I d= idn't=20 quite understand it. 777 =3D rwx rwx rwx What exactly is 'execute'? I mean isn't executing it just like reading it= ? Or=20 does reading it imply changing it, but if that is the case what is the=20 'writing' option? Or else is 'x' not execute but change? But again, that = is=20 the same as 'write'. Or is write like 'add data' whle change is 'change t= he=20 program'? Now we move on to 'umask'. The best that I can figure is that everyone is= =20 assigned.... No . That doesn't work What in the world is 'umask'? :-)~Mike~(-: By the way, I am no longer the proud owner of RedHat but rather the proud= =20 father of a bouncing baby Mandrake!