Brian, my RH 7.3 is running kernel 2.4.18-3. When you upgraded the kernel did you rebuild & install the modules? That's the sticky part that generally makes me put off kernel upgrades for way too long :-) Steve > Any idea why iptables will not work with the default Redhat kernel? > > This is what I get... thanks for your help in advance! > > /lib/modules/2.4.18-10/kernel/net/ipv4/netfilter/ip_tables.o: init_module: Device or resource busy > /lib/modules/2.4.18-10/kernel/net/ipv4/netfilter/ip_tables.o: insmod /lib/modules/2.4.18-10/kernel/net/ipv4/netfilter/ip_tables.o failed > /lib/modules/2.4.18-10/kernel/net/ipv4/netfilter/ip_tables.o: insmod ip_tables failed > iptables v1.2.5: can't initialize iptables table `filter': iptables who? (do you need to insmod?)