Or in VI, just do: :%s/^V// that is, :s/ then Ctrl-V to accept a control character, then the Enter key, and then two slashes. This will remove all CR characters throughout the file. Obviously a command line is superior, but this is good at the moment when you VI a file and just want those ^Ms to go away. I'm sure an equivalent is handy in Emacs. (I also go to Emacs when VI chokes on overlength lines. Otherwise I stick with VI largely because of its ubiquity.) Vic