OK - installing bash on Mac OS was a breeze because I downloaded a tar-binary that was a breeze and did something that I never saw before... from the / level prompt... tar zxvf /path_to_file/bash-2.0.5-osx.tgz expanded to 3 trees and automatically put the contents of the /etc - /bin - /usr trees in their couterparts. This was really as simple as rpm (but of course relying on the person that created the binary to check any needed dependencies, share-objects or libraries. Wow, rpm isn't any easier than that was. Does linux do this with tar distributed code and I've missed it all this time because I typically take downloaded binaries to /opt before I 'un-tar' them? Obviously, I shouldn't plan/trust binaries from untrusted sources - and I'm publicly spanking myself for downloading the binary but it was interesting to see that 'auto-locating' install. Craig -- ----:----|----:----|----:----|----:----|----:----|----:----| - Craig White - PO Box 8634 - Scottsdale, Arizona - 85252 - e-mail address ................ - CraigWhite@AzApple.com - world wide web address ........ - http://www.AzApple.com - e-mail my pager address ....... - 6023779752@airtouch.net - cellular phone ................ - (602) 377-9752 - voice/facsimile ............... - (480) 945-8445 ----:----|----:----|----:----|----:----|----:----|----:----|