<div dir="ltr">yeahhhh.. I tried the r option yesterday. Got the same output.<div><br></div><div>michael@desktop1:~$ df -h<br>Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on<br>tmpfs 779M 1.5M 777M 1% /run<br>/dev/sda2 234G 151G 72G 68% /<br>tmpfs 3.8G 84M 3.8G 3% /dev/shm<br>tmpfs 5.0M 4.0K 5.0M 1% /run/lock<br>/dev/sda1 511M 5.3M 506M 2% /boot/efi<br>tmpfs 779M 92K 779M 1% /run/user/1000<br>/dev/sdb1 12G 12G 0 100% /media/michael/Kali Live<br>/dev/sdb2 876K 868K 8.0K 100% /media/michael/6383-98E2<br>michael@desktop1:~$ <br><br></div><div>sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdb<br>[sudo] password for michael: <br>Disk /dev/sdb: 28.64 GiB, 30752636928 bytes, 60063744 sectors<br>Disk model: Ultra <br>Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes<br>Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes<br>I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes<br>Disklabel type: dos<br>Disk identifier: 0x43665e8c<br><br>Device Boot Start End Sectors Size Id Type<br>/dev/sdb1 * 64 24395943 24395880 11.6G 17 Hidden HPFS/NTFS<br>/dev/sdb2 24395944 24397735 1792 896K 1 FAT12<br></div></div><br><div class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Mon, Jan 16, 2023 at 2:38 PM Rusty Carruth via PLUG-discuss <<a href="mailto:plug-discuss@lists.phxlinux.org">plug-discuss@lists.phxlinux.org</a>> wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px 0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">man fsck says:<br>
<br>
The exit code returned by fsck is the sum of the following <br>
conditions:<br>
<br>
0 No errors<br>
1 Filesystem errors corrected<br>
2 System should be rebooted<br>
4 Filesystem errors left uncorrected<br>
8 Operational error<br>
16 Usage or syntax error<br>
32 Checking canceled by user request<br>
128 Shared-library error<br>
<br>
so zero means no errors without our having to guess (however, it implies <br>
that it did a check, but we're assuming that, so there is a guess there).<br>
<br>
You could try the '-r' option to fsck and it will tell you the return <br>
code and some other stuff, supposedly.<br>
<br>
Anyway, it would REALLY HELP to know what 'df -h' says. That would <br>
answer (most of) the questions I still have at this moment.<br>
<br>
Oh, how big is the USB stick? How much room is left?<br>
<br>
and what does 'sudo fdisk -l /dev/sdb' say?<br>
<br>
<br>
On 1/16/23 12:22, Michael via PLUG-discuss wrote:<br>
> creating persistence means I want to use the drive as if it were the main<br>
> drive.<br>
> The verbose flag is a big v? I tried the little v!<br>
> sudo fsck -V $usb<br>
> [sudo] password for michael:<br>
> fsck from util-linux 2.37.2<br>
> Same thing.<br>
> sudo fsck -Vf /dev/sdb ; echo $?<br>
> fsck from util-linux 2.37.2<br>
> 0<br>
> I think the zero means there is nothing wrong with the drive.<br>
><br>
> "You don't say what you booted on - the USB drive? And what device is<br>
> that?"<br>
> What do you mean? I'm trying to run thOS from the pen drive? THe device is<br>
> /dev/sdb?<br>
><br>
> On Mon, Jan 16, 2023 at 2:00 PM Rusty Carruth via PLUG-discuss <<br>
> <a href="mailto:plug-discuss@lists.phxlinux.org" target="_blank">plug-discuss@lists.phxlinux.org</a>> wrote:<br>
><br>
>> I think it is probably too early to say if you need a new drive, and I<br>
>> don't know what you mean by 'create persistence', but I'll stick my foot<br>
>> in my mouth and ask a few questions.<br>
>><br>
>> You don't say what you booted on - the USB drive? And what device is that?<br>
>><br>
>> When you run fsck, I suggest you use the -V option (verbose). Also, what<br>
>> is the return code from fsck? that is:<br>
>><br>
>> sudo fsck -Vf /dev/sdb ; echo $?<br>
>><br>
>> what number is the last thing before your next prompt?<br>
>><br>
>> Did you boot from device /dev/sda? Is anything mounted from /dev/sdb?<br>
>> (e.g. what does 'df -h' say (as one option))<br>
>><br>
>> Finally, it is safer to do the fdisk commands manually and not use the<br>
>> 'printf' trick. This works for me on all my systems:<br>
>><br>
>> echo $usb ; sudo fdisk $usb<br>
>><br>
>> (then I enter the commands to fdisk to create a new partition, or whatever)<br>
>><br>
>> Oh, the very first thing I should have asked is, what does 'ls -l<br>
>> /dev/sdb' say?<br>
>><br>
>> On 1/16/23 11:34, Michael via PLUG-discuss wrote:<br>
>>> maybe that is why it ran out of space?<br>
>>><br>
>>><br>
>>> On Mon, Jan 16, 2023 at 12:06 PM Michael <<a href="mailto:bmike1@gmail.com" target="_blank">bmike1@gmail.com</a>> wrote:<br>
>>><br>
>>>> HI. On my Kali Live USB drive I am trying to create persistence. I did<br>
>> it<br>
>>>> once but then something happened (it ran out of space when I tried to<br>
>>>> install snort) so I started over. But when I tried tpo create<br>
>> persistence I<br>
>>>> got the read-only error. YOu know in my search to get it out of<br>
>> read-only I<br>
>>>> discovered that it might mean my file system is corrupted.. But when I<br>
>> ran<br>
>>>> $ sudo fsck -f /dev/sdb<br>
>>>> it just responded<br>
>>>> fsck from util-linux 2.37.2<br>
>>>> then when I attempted to follow the directions (that worked before:<br>
>>>> sudo fdisk $usb <<< $(printf "n\np\n\n\n\nw")<br>
>>>> Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.37.2).<br>
>>>> Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.<br>
>>>> Be careful before using the write command.<br>
>>>> fdisk: cannot open /dev/sdb: Read-only file system<br>
>>>> I'm thinking I need a new drive. Anything the gurus know that would be<br>
>>>> beneficial before I spend the money on a new drive??<br>
>>>> --<br>
>>>> :-)~MIKE~(-:<br>
>>>><br>
>>><br>
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</blockquote></div><br clear="all"><div><br></div>-- <br><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div dir="ltr"><div><span style="font-size:12.8px">:-)~MIKE~(-:</span><br></div></div></div></div></div>